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Weekes— ;\[ilson 

Monograph  on  the  old  Franciscan 
f'lission,   Santa  Barbara,    California 


f 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


MONOGRAPH 

on  the 

)ld  Franciscan  Mission 


SANTA  BARBARA 
CALIFORNIA 


PRICE  TWENTY-FIVE  CENTS 


Has  done  more 
real  good  for  the 
human  i«ace  than 
all  the  drugs  that 
were  ever  com- 
pounded. 


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or  Constipation. 


We  will  put  a  case  in  your  Shome  on  ten  days' 
trial— you  to  be  the  judge  as  to  its  merits.  Leave 
your  name  and  address  with  your  druggist.  Results 
first— pay  after.  If  you  want  to  cure  a  disease 
you  must  remove  the  cause. 

WHAT  VERONICA  HAS  DONE  FOR  OTHERS  IT  IS 
GUARANTEED  TO  DO  FOR  YOU 

LET  US  SEND  YOU  A  CASE  ON  TRIAL 


-SOLD  BY  ALL  DEALERS- 


Yerooica  Medicinal  Springs  Water  Company 


^MONOGRAPH 

on    the 

OLD    FRANCISCAN    MISSION 


Santa  Barbara 
California  .y 


By 
Leila  Weekes-Wilson,  ^ 


Printer 

Pacific  Coast  Publisiiing  Company 

1913 


Copyright.  1913  by 
Leila  Weekes-Wilson 

Published.  October,    1913 


Photographs  by  the  author 


All  rights  reserved 


'Four  crninhliiKi  irnlls  of  rose-stained  gray 
The  unci  en/  chapel  atatids  to  day  "  t'    ^^  ^  ^ 


The  author  dedicates  this  httle  Monograph  to 
Mrs.  Frani<  J.  Maguire — and  her  friendly  interest. 

And  acknowledges  with  much  appreciation  the 
assistance  of  Father  Zephyrin  Engelhardt,  O.  P.  M. 


614112 

'  The  land  irhere  ulriiwreTThr-rer  ceane 
Their  sunny  pmlin  of  Hijhl  and  peace. 


•  Oo  Utile  hook,  God  seiiil  //ti'f  good  pansac/e, 
And  specialty  let  this  be  thy  2)rayere 
Unto  them  all  that  thee  will  read  or  hear. 
Where  thou  art  wrong,  after  their  help  to  call 
Thee  to  correct  in  any  part  or  all." 


LIST  OF  FATHERS 

AT    THE    OLD    FRANCISCAN    MISSION 
19  13 

Reverend  Theodore  Arentz,  Superior 
Reverend  Turibius  Deaver 
Reverend  Zephyrin  Engelhardt 
Reverend  James  Nolte 
Reverend  Humilis  Wiese 
Reverend  Paul  Meyer 


FORMER  FATHER  SUPERIORS  AT  THE 
OLD  FRANCISCAN  MISSION 

Prior  to  1856  there  were  no  Superiors,  rroperly  speaking     The  senior 
of  the  two  Fathers  usually  acted  in  emergencies. 


Reverend  Gonzalez  Rubio 
Reverend  Jose  M.  Romo 
Reverend  Ferdinand  Bergmeyer 
Reverend  Hugh  Fessler 
Reverend  Bernardin  Weis 
Reverend  Peter  Wallischeck 
Reverend  Ludger  Glauber 
Reverend  Theophilus  Richardt 
Reverend  Novatus  Benzing 


Iiitf-rior  of  llie  <'orriii<jr 


FOUNDING  OF  SANTA  BARBARA 

Quoted  from  account  of  tlie  expedition  whicli  Portola  (Por- 
lo-lah')  conducted,  August  ITtli,  1770.  .  .  .  ••Proceeding  along 
the  beach  we  arrived  at  a  village  of  thirty-eight  huts.  The 
savages  were  possessed  of  a  number  of  canoes,  and,  as  they 
were  .iust  BUILDING  anotlier,  the  soldiers  called  tlie  place 
CARPINTERIA  (Car-pen-ter-e-ah).  We  broke  camp  at  seven 
in  the  morning  and  kept  on  traveling  near  the  beach  in  a 
westerly  direction.  .  .  .  After  marching  four  leagues,  we 
arrived  at  a  large  ranclieria,  far  larger  than  any  we  had  yet 
seen,  situated  on  a  good  point  of  land  which  enters  the  sea. 
With  mucli  difliculty  we  crossed  a  large  estuary  which  ex- 
tends inland  for  some  distance.  AVe  forded  it  near  a  Rancho," 
(in  the  South  we  would  say,  Plantation;  in  New  England  we 
would  say.  Farm),  "and  tlien  went  into  camp  about  two  gun- 
shots from  the  village.  ...  In  the  neighborhood  of  this 
ranclieria  is  a  spring  of  very  good  water,  and  near  to  the  camp 
we  found  a  large  lagoon.  .  .  .  The  level  land  in  this  vicinity 
is  covered  with  many  large  evergreen  oaks.  The  pueblo 
(pu-ah'-blo)  was  named  LA  LAGUNA  DE  LA  CONCEPCION. 
We  could  make  no  observations  on  account  of  cloudy  weather. 
.     .     .     We   pitched   our  camp   in   a   canada   with    running   water 

.  .  three  leagues  to  the  west  ...  a  double  estuary 
entered  the  land,  forming  an  island.  .  .  .  On  this  island 
was  a  large  town  in  which  we  counted  a  hundred  huts."  "This 
camping  place   must   have   been   SANTA    BARBARA." 

April  21st,  1782.  "Towards  evening  the  expedition  came  to 
a  spot  which,  tlie  first  explorers  had  named  SAN  JOAQUIN 
DE  LA  LAGUNA,  ten  leagues  to  the  northwest  of  San  I'.uena- 
ventuia.  Here  the  PRESIDIO  (pre-se-de'-o)  of  SANTA  BAR- 
BARA was  FOUNDED."  FATHER  SERRA  relates  the  event 
as  follows:  '•On  tlie  feast  of  the  patronage  of  St.  .Joseph 
.  .  .  occurred  the  blessing  and  erection  of  the  great  Cross, 
tlie  blessing  of  the  locality,  the  first  holy  Mass  and  sei-mon, 
the  founding  of  this  I'residio  of  Santa  Barbara  on  the  land  of 
Yanonali.     May  God  Bless  It.      Amen." 

The  next  day  the  soldiers  went  to  work  erecting  a  chapel, 
dwellings  for  the  priest  and  officeis,  l)an-acks  for  the  soldiers, 
houses   for   their   families,   and   a    wareliouse. 

This  "estero"  (lagoon),  probably  covered  the  present  "•eslero" 
and    leached   up   to   the   ijld    I  )e   la    (^lUcria    (Janlens. 


FOUNDING  OF  CITY 

FATHER  JUNIPERO  SERRA  was  born  on  Xovember  24th, 
ITi::.  ill  tlu'  villat;e  of  I'etia.  in  the  Island  of  Mallorca,  Spain. 
Tlie  name  given  liim  at  christening  was  Migiiel  Jose.  After 
entering-  tlie  convent  lie  took  the  name  of  Junlpero  on  account 
of  the  devotion  he  always  expressed  to  .Junipero,  the  saintly 
companion    of   St.    Francis   of   Assisi. 

'•Tlie  name  of  JUNIPERO  SERRA!  "SVho  was  so  entirely 
absorbed  in  the  advancement  of  the  Church,  that  as  soon  as 
temporary  dwelling's  were  provided  for  the  .  .  .  soldiers, 
work  w-ould  be  commenced  on  the  founding  of  the  Mission,  but 
Neve  felt  that  their  position  among  unknown  tribes  would  be 
Insecure  until  the  fortifications  and  buildings  of  the  Presidio 
had  been  at  least  partly  completed;  and,  therefore,  declined 
to  take  any  immediate  steps  toward  the  founding  of  the 
Mission.  The  venerable  Serra  was  greatly  disappointed  at  the 
decision,  and  shortly  afterwards  left  Santa  Barbara  for  the 
Mission  of  San  Carlos,  which  he  had  founded  at  Monterey. 
He  was  nearly  sevent.v  years  of  age.  yet  he  traveled  all  the 
distance  on  foot,  as  was  his  custom.  It  was  his  last  long 
.lourney,  and  there  on  the  28th  of  August,  17S4,  he  died." 

"The  soldiers,  in  leathern  waistcoats  and  leggins,  were  as- 
sembled near  the  intersection  of  what  is  now  Canon  Perdido 
and  Santa  Barbara  streets.  Father  Junipero  Serra  clad 
in  stole  and  alb,  stood  in  a  hastily  constructed  chapel  of 
brush  before  a  roughly  hewn  table,  used  as  an  altar.  The 
soldiers,  under  command  of  Governor  Neve  and  Captain  Ortega, 
then  formed  in  a  square,  and  having  laid  aside  their  sliields 
and-  lances,  knelt,  with  bared  heads,  while  the  reverend  father 
invoked  the  blessings  of  Heaven  upon  the  congregation  and 
their  undertakings.  'With  these  simple  ceremonies  was 
FOUNDED  the  CITY  of  SANTA  BARBARA."  (Presidio  means 
military  fort.)  This  Presidio  was  a  thousand  feet  square,  with 
an  adobe  (pronounced  (ah-do-bee)  wall  ten  to  twelve  feet  high, 
with  bastions  at  the  corners,  where  canon  were  mounted. 
From  the  centre  rose  the  flag  of  Spain.  The  church  was 
liegun    shortly    after. 

The  site  chosen  for  the  PRESIDIO  was  the  plot  of  land  now 
bounded  by  the  streets  Figuertia.  Canon  Perdido,  Garden  and 
Anacapa. 

In  1696  was  formed  the  beginning  of  the  Pious  Fund  in 
California  and  Father  Juan   Maria  Salvatierra  and  Father  Kino 


FOUNDING 

were  empowered  to  found  missions  on  tlie  peninsula  and  "it 
may  be  fairly  stated  that  the  missions  were  from  first  to 
last  founded  and  supported  by  private  subscription."  At  the 
first  the  founders  paid  only  the  annual  income  interest  to  the 
Jesuit  fathers.  Later  Father  Salvatierra  decided  to  invest  the 
capital  in  real  estate  or  haciendas  ("equivalent  to  our  southern 
plantations,  except  that  the  laborers  were  not  slaves.")  "At 
each  new  mission  the  missionary  had  a  soldier  who  acted  as 
g-uard  and  to  a  certain  extent  shared  the  authority  of  the  cap- 
tain of  the  presidio.  The  soldier's  duty  was  to  protect  the  mis- 
sionary, to  protect  the  mission,  and  quell  disturbances  among 
the  Indians  whom   the  missionary  was  trying  to  convert." 


Letter  from  General  Neve  to  Father  Junipero  Serra,  April 
1st,  1784.  "Informed  by  your  communication  of  December  ."itli 
last  about  the  advantages  whicOi  the  site  called  MONTECITO 
offers,  and  whicli  is  but  a  short  distance  from  the  I'residio  of 
Santa  Barbara,  for  establishing  a  MISSION  of  the  same  name. 
I  consent  that  it  be  effected  in  such  a  way  as  not  to  offend 
the  gentile  Indians.  You  will  see  that  they  are  treated  with 
the  greatest  gentleness  and  sweetness  lest  this  foundation 
be  repugnant  to  them." 

At  last,  on  April  1st,  ITStJ,  Father  Sancho  informed  Fatlier 
Lasuen  "tliat  by  order  of  the  Viceroy  IMatias  de  Galvez  lie  had 
sent  six  religious  who  had  volunteered  in  (jrder  to  make 
possible  the  founding  of  the  Mission  of  Santa  Barbaia.  'I  must 
remind  you,  however,  that  said  Mission  must  be  estal)lished  on 
a  site  most  in  accordance  with  the  conditions  which  tlie 
royal  instructions  prescrilje'  .  .  .  sufficient  good  land,  water, 
and  timber  in  a  populous  Indian  countr.y."  "Right  days  later 
Father  Sancho  wrote,  'For  the  founding  of  Mission  Santa  Bar- 
baia it  is  necessary  that  all  the  missions  willingly  aid  b\- 
donating  live   stock   and   all   kinds   of  seeds."  " 

"In  tlie  afternoon  of  December  4tli,  ITSfi,  on  the  feast  nf  Saint 
Barbara,  Virgin  and  ^Martxr,  Faliier  Lasuin  raised  and  l)less<(l 
tlie  great  cross  which  marked  llif  site  of  the  tutuif  .M  i.s.simi." 
Tlie  spot  was  called  EL  PEDREGOSA  liy  the  SPANIARDS; 
and  TAYNAYAN  by  tlie  INDIANS,  l">th  word.s  meaning  "incky 
heiglits."  Tliere  was  a  (lela\'  in  waitint;  Idr  the  airival  (if 
Governor    Fages;    lie    reached    Santa     llailiara    on    tlie     ]|lh.      On 


SAINT   BARBARA 

the  16th  of  December.  17S6,  "Father  I^asueii.  in  a  brushwood 
shelter,  sang  the  High  Mass.  Tlie  Mission  was  tluis  formally 
declared  founded.  But  the  4tli  has  always  been  reported  and 
regarded  as  the  day  of  founding.  Father  Antonio  Paterna, 
(from  San  Luis  Obispo),  and  Father  Cristobal  Oramas,  a  new- 
comer,  were  appointed  the   first  missionaries." 

Santa  Barbara  owes  its  name  to  the  navigator,  Sebastian 
Vizcaino,  who  entered  this  channel  in  1602,  accompanied  by 
Carmelite  Fathers,  and  according  to  the  Catholic  custom  of 
dedicating  newly  discovered  places  under  the  patronage  of 
some  saint,  and  as  this  was  the  4th  day  of  December,  the 
feast  day  of  Saint  Barbara,  the  whole  channel  and  shore  were 
named  Santa  Barbara.  Although  Vizcaino  was  not  tlie  first 
discoverer  of  California,  yet  his  voyage  is  impurtant  on  ac- 
count   of    the    MAPS    and    AUTHENTIC    INFORMATION." 


SAINT    BARBARA. 

SAINT  BARBARA  \\a.';  liorn  in  Nicomedia,  a  city  of  northern 
A.sia    Minur. 

ITALIAN:— Santa         Barliara.  FR  ENCH  :— Sainte         Barbe. 

PATRON  SAINT  of  ARMORERS  and  GUNSMITHS;  of  FIRE- 
ARMS and  FORTIFICATIONS.  She  is  invoked  against  thunder 
and  liglitni!ig,  and  all  accidents  arising  from  explosions  of  gun- 
powder. Patroness  of  Ferrara,  Guastia,  and  Mantua.  Died, 
December  4th,   A.    D.   303. 

"There  was  a  certain  man  named  Dioscorus,  who  dwelt  in 
Heliopolis;  noble,  and  of  great  possessions;  and  he  had  an  only 
daughter,  named  Barbara,  whom  he  loved  exceedingly.  Fear- 
ful lest,  from  her  singular  beauty,  she  should  be  demanded 
in  marriage  and  taken  from  liim,  he  shut  her  up  in  a  very 
liigh  tower,  and  kept  her  secluded  from  the  eyes  of  men. 
.  .  .  He  was  violently  opposed  to  the  Christians.  He  sent 
skillful  architects  to  construct  within  the  tower  a  bath- 
chamber  of  wonderful  splendor.  One  day  St.  Barbara  de- 
scended from  her  turret  to  view  the  progress  of  the  work- 
men; and  seeing  that  they  had  constructed  two  windows,  com- 
manded them  to  insert  a  tliird.  .  .  .  When  her  father 
returned,  he  said:  'Why  hast  thou  done  this  thing?'  and  she 
answered: — 'Know  that  through  THREE  windows  doth  the 
soul    receive   light, — the    Father,    the    Son    and    the   Holy   Ghost; 


I 


EXTERIOR 

and  the  Three  are  One.'  "  .  .  .  later,  her  father  seeing  no 
hope  of  her  heing  led  a%va\'  from  Christianity,  "carried  her  to 
a  certain  mountain  near  the  city,  drew  his  sword  and  cut  off 
her  liead  with  liis  own  hands;  but  as  he  descended  the  moun- 
tain, there  came  a  fearful  tempest,  with  thunder  aral  liglitning, 
and  fire  fell  upon  this  cruel  father  and  consumed   him   utterly." 

In  the  devotional  pictures  (quoted  from  "Sacred  and  Legend- 
ary Art."  liy  Mrs.  Jameson): — "St.  Barbara  bears  the  sword 
and  palm  in  common  with  other  martyrs:  but  her  peculiar 
attribute  is   the  tower,   generally   with   three   windows.  Sain' 

Barbara  is  the  protectress  against  thunder  and  lightning,  fire- 
arms  and   gunpowder   and    sudden    death." 

1.  The  most  beautiful  of  the  single  figures  is  (by)  Palma 
Vecchio  placed  over  the  altar  of  St.  Barbara  in  the  Church  of 
Santa  ;\laria  Formosa  at  Venice.  She  is  standing  in  a  majestic 
attitude,  looking  upwards  with  inspired  eyes.  .  .  .  She 
wears  a  tunic  of  rich,  warm  brown,  with  a  mantle  of  crim- 
son; and  a  white  veil  is  twisted  in  her  diadem  and  among  her 
tresses  of  pale  golden  hail":  the  whole  picture  is  one  of  glow, 
of  color,  life  and  beauty.  (This  is  the  most  celebrated  of  the 
numerous    portraits  of  Violante  Palma). 

As  a  patroness  of  flre-arms  and  against  sudden  death,  the 
effigy  of  St.  Barbara  is  a  frequent  ornament  on  shields,  armor 
and  particularly  great  guns  and  field-pieces.  "I  found  her 
whole  history  on  a  suit  of  armor  which  Emperor  Maximilian 
sent  as  a  present  to  Henry  VIII,  in  1509,  and  which  is  now" 
preserved  in  the  Tower  of  London.  "On  the  breastplate  is  St. 
George  as  the  patron  of  England,  vanquishing  the  dragon;  on 
the  backplate.  St.  Barbara  standing  majestic,  with  her  tower, 
her  cup  and   her   liook." 

EXTERIOR 

The  Santa  Barbara  ^Mission  today  is  the  best  preserved 
of  all  the  Califoinia  Missions.  It  has  been  in  constant  use 
for  religious  purposes  from  the  time  of  its  dedication  until 
the  present  day,  and  the  light  over  the  main  altar  has  never 
gone  out — it  has  been  constantly,  steadily  bui-iiing  in  guidance. 

"The  Mission  structure  is  an  old-woild  wah'.  It  i.s  a  toiuh 
of   other   times   and   other   lands." 

"In   the   middle  of   tliis   ci-escent.   directl.N'   o[)p(isiti'    the   anchor- 


EXTERIOR 

in>,'  sruvind,  lie  the  MISSION  ami  TOWN  OF  SANTA  BAR- 
BARA,  on  a  low  plain,  hul  liule  above  tlie  level  of  tlie  sea, 
covered  with  srass,  thouRli  entirely  without  trees,  and  siir- 
roundeti  on  three  sides  by  an  amphitheatre  of  mountains,  whicli 
slant  off  to  the  distance  of  fifteen  or  twenty  miles.  The  MIS- 
SION stands  a  little  back  of  the  town,  and  is  a  large  building, 
or  rather  collection  of  buildings,  in  the  centre  uf  whicli  is  a 
high  tower,  with  a  belfry  of  five  liells.  Tlie  wliole.  being  plas- 
tered, makes  quite  a  show  at  a  distance,  and  is  the  mark 
by  which  vessels  come  to  anchor.  The  town  lies  a  little 
nearer  to  the  beach, — about  half  a  mile  from  it, — and  is  com- 
posed of  one-story  houses,  built  of  sun-baked  clay,  or  'ADOBE,' 
some  of  them  whitewashed,  with  red  tiles  on  the  idofs.  I 
should  .iudge  that  there  were  about  two  luindred  of  tliem; 
and  in  the  midst  of  them  stands  the  PRESIDIO,  or  fort,  built 
of  the  same  materials,  and  apparently  but  little  stronger.  The 
town  is  finely  situated,  with  a  bay  in  front,  and  an  amphi- 
theatre   of    hills    behind."      (Quoted    from    Kicliard    Heni\-    Dana, 

Possibly  the  first  object  to  greet  you  at  the  Mission  is  the 
FOUNTAIN,  shaded  by  sw'aying  pepper  trees,  which  stands  in 
tiie  open  space  in  front  of  the  Mission.  This  was  erected  in 
180S  and  is  still  in  working  order.  The  fountain  is  built  of 
stone  and  cement,  plain  in  appearance,  octagonal  in  shape  of 
base,  and  is  one  of  the  best  of  the  old  Mission  fountains.  The 
top  is  surmounted  by  a  pomegranate,  and  beneath  is  the  bowl 
where  gold  fish  and  carp  swim.  This  fine  fountain  has  been 
recently  (1913)  "restored,"  and — much  to  the  regret  of  art 
lovers — painted  red.  The  lovely  green  moss  and  the  dust  of 
the  ages  have  disappeared. 

Before  you  proceed,  look  to  your  riglit,  as  you  face  the 
Mission;  behind  the  fence  is  a  stone  head -piece,  representing 
a  bear.  Through  its  mouth  issued  water  brought  down  from 
the  mountains:  and  in  the  trough  below  was  washed  the 
clothes.  It  must  have  been  a  picturesque  sight  to  watch  the 
Indian   women   as   they  gathered    here. 

"It  is  common  to  attribute  to  the  missions  the  Moorish  style 
of  architecture,  but  perhaps  this  is  without  good  foundation. 
The  missionaries  and  pioneer  Fathers,  not  lacking  harmony 
with  the  style  of  their  epoch  and  having  been  reared  close 
to  the  Moorish   castles  in   Spain,   they   may   have   unconsciously 


EXTERIOR 

or  purposely  stamped  these  missions  with  some  lasting  seal 
of  their  early  impressions.  .  .  .  All  these,  however,  were 
placed  without  departing  from  the  general  lines  of  the  style 
of  their  epoch,  which  was  that  of  the  renaissance  in  a  popular 
form    which    we    might    term    Franciscan." 

The  work  of  erecting  the  necessary  buildings  began  in  1787. 
Dwellings  were  built  for  the  priests,  followed  by  a  house  for 
the  Indians;  a  granary  and  a  carpenter-shop;  quarters  for  the 
iinmai'ried  women  and  girls.  All  structures  were  of  adobe 
and  the  walls  thirty-flve  to  forty  inches  in  thickness.  As  it 
was  intended  the  buildings  should  be  permanent,  the  founda- 
tions were  all  of  stone,  mortared,  and  the  walls  of  the  adobe 
buildings  were  covered  with  cement,  rendering  them  less  sus- 
ceptible to  the  weather.  The  lime  came  from  deposits  found 
near  by,  was  burned  in  kilns.  Ilemains  of  some  of  these  kilns 
are  now  in  Mission  Cafion  (Can -yon).  The  church  and  front 
of  the  Mission  house  are  covered  with  tiles  manufactured  in 
the  second  year  and  made  by  the  Indians.  Previous  to  the 
restoration  both  buildings  were  covered  with  shingles,  used 
probably  on  account  of  not  being  able  to  procure  better  mater- 
ial. The  roofs  were  made  of  heavy  rafters  of  sycamore  and 
poplar;  replaced  later  by  pine.  These  were  gathered  with 
great  labor,  brought  by  the  Indians  from  the  mountains  l)eyond 
the  Santa  Ynez  River.  These  timbers  were  tied  together  with 
rawliide  strips,  over  which  was  spread  a  layer  of  soft  clay  and 
then  thatched  with  straw.  Tiles  were  manufactured  the  fol- 
lowing year.  In  the  succeeding  years  other  structui-es  were 
added;   and   converts,   and    industi'ies   increased. 

In  1807  an  Indian  village  surrounded,  or  nearly  so,  southwest 
of  the  main  building,  of  252  separate  adobe  Indian  huts. 
The  front  of  the  Mission,  a  fine  facade,  was  completed  in  1811, 
as  well  as  the  Cloisters.  In  1806,  in  order  to  obtain  water 
from  the  mountains,  a  dam  was  built,  very  strong  and  solid, 
across  Pedregosa  creek,  on  tlie  west  fork,  about  two  miles  back 
of  the  Mission  toward  the  foothills.  Another  dam  was  built 
about  three  miles  from  the  Mission,  on  the  east  fork.  You 
may  find  this  dam  now,  the  old  Indian  Dam  in  Rattlesnake 
Canon.  A  larger  reservoir  was  used  for  storage  water,  and 
from  its  south  corner  an  aqueduct  was  laid  to  the  church, 
where  it  crossed  the  road,  along  a  wall  of  masonry.  You  ma>- 
see    tlie    remains    of    the    old    wall,    uvav    the    residence    of    Mr. 


< 


EXTERIOR 

Adair.  From  tlie  tannery  (all  traces  disappeaietl)  the  main 
braneli  of  the  artery  passed  through  a  large  orchard.  Traces 
of  this  artery  are  to  be  found  in  the  rear  of  the  residence-yard 
of  Mr.  John  Edwards,  Junipero  Plaza,  wlm  in  building  his 
new  liome,  very  carefully  preserved  tlie  oM  wall.  As  you  pass 
up  along  the  Mountain  Drive,  you  will  see  on  your  right  a 
small  stone  house:  this  was  the  settling  tank,  where  the  water 
for  drinking  and  domestic  purposes  was  clarified.  Prom  this 
building  a  cement  pipe  crossed  on  top  of  a  wall  of  solid 
masonry,  over  a  beautiful  arch  spanning  the  road;  this  arch 
was  destroyed  in  ISSO.  It  ended  in  the  fine  old  stone  wall, 
opposite  the  Oliver  Drinking  Fountain,  where  you  will  notice 
the  sun-dial  set  in  the  solid  wall,  with  the  ivy  giving  a  touch 
of  the  old  world  and  the  aloes  suggesting  sunny  California, 
or   Spain. 

The  small  chapel  was  enlarged  in  17.SS,  and  by  1792  the  con- 
verts came  in  so  rapidly  tiiat  the  old  structui'e  was  taken  down 
and  a  very  large  edifice  was  completed  in  1793,  size  12.5  by  25 
feet.  There  were  three  small  chapels  on  each  side.  But  the 
earthquake  of  1812  damaged  the  building:  it  was  taken  down 
and  on  its  site  rose  the  present  church,  dedicated  in  1820,  on 
September   10th,   having  been  five  years   in   building. 

The  walls  are  six  feet  thick,  consist  of  cubes  of  sand-stone. 
The  solid  buttresses  measure  nine  by  nine  feet.  The  church 
is  165  feet  long,  30  feet  wide  and  30  feet  high  (interior  measure- 
ments). The  present  stone  steps  and  the  tiles  are  the  originals. 
The  height  of  the  towers  is  30  feet  to  the  eaves  of  church; 
solid  masonry  of  stone  and  cement,  20  feet  square.  A  narrow 
passage  leads  through  the  left  tower  to  the  top,  where  the  old 
bells  are  interesting:  and  the  view  into  the  gardens  and  over 
the  city  very  lovely.  The  stairs  are  rather  a  hard  climb,  the 
tread  being  high.  "Doubtless  the  Santa  Barbara  Mission  church 
is   the   most    solid   structure   of   its   kind    in    California." 

The  TOWER  on  the  left  has  always  been  considered  the 
principal  belfry,  and  at  one  time  contained  six  BELLS,  all 
of  which  were  of  brass.  Now,  the  two  largest  liells  weigh  825 
and  870  pounds.  The  first  has  a  curious  inscription,  difflcult 
to  read,  as  is  also  that  of  the  second  bell.  Being  interpreted 
to  mean  that  they  were  made  in  the  year  of  Our  Lord  1818 
by  Manuel  Vargas  for  the  Mission  of  Santa  Barbara,  Upper 
California.       The    bells    are    fastened    by    rawhide    thongs    to    a 


EXTERIOR 

beam,  and  to  an  old  frame-work  of  iron.  Both  tliese  bells  are 
only  tolled.  Higher  up  is  a  larger  bell,  more  modern,  discordant, 
rung   several    times    daily. 

Quoted    from    "Ramona": 

At  the  time  of  her  marriage,  Seriora  Moreno's  uncle  was  the 
Superior  of  the  Santa  Barbara  Mission.  "Her  name  was  a  toast 
from  Monterey  to  San  Diego.  .  .  .  Her  wedding  ceremonies 
were  the  most  splendid  ever  seen  in  the  country.  The  right 
tower  of  the  Mission  church  at  Santa  Barbara  had  Just  been 
completed,  and  it  was  arranged  that  the  consecration  of  this 
tower  should  take  place  at  the  time  of  her  wedding,  and  that 
her  wedding  feast  should  be  spread  in  the  long  outside  corridor 
of  the  ilission  building.  The  whole  country,  far  and  near, 
was  bid.  ...  At  that  time  tliere  were  long  streets  of  In- 
dian houses  stretching  eastward  from  the  Mission.  .  .  .  The 
Indians  came  in  bands,  singing  songs  and  bringing  gifts.  .  .  . 
strewing  seeds,  in  token  of  welcome.  .  .  .  On  the  third  da>-, 
still  in  theii'  bridal  attire,  the  bride  and  bridegroom,  bearing 
lighted  candles  in  their  hands,  walked  with  the  monks  in  a 
procession  round  and  round  the  new  tower,  the  monks  chant- 
ing and  sprinkling  holy  water  on  its  walls." 

Within  a  shell-like  recess  in  a  pediment  above  the  entrance  is 
a  carved  figure,  painted  stone,  representing  Saint  Barbara. 
Resting  above  the  cornice  at  either  end  are  stone  statues, 
which,  with  the  third,  which  has  been  removed,  represented 
Faith,    Hope   and    Charity. 

Notice  the  regular  and  fine  design,  at  the  base  of  the  pedi- 
ment and  running  across  the  facade — tlie  double  design  of  the 
"cross  of  good  luck,"  the  old  Indian  symbol  of  the  "Swastika" 
(Swa'-stee-kali ),  whicli  has  lieen  found  in  every  civilized  niid 
uncivilized  countr>-  on  the  glolie. 

Tlie  one  small  round  window  in  the  left  tower  is  to  admit 
light  into  the  belfr.v.  tliere  being  no  stairway  in  the  opposite 
tower.  The  l)olts  in  the  entrance  doors  are  the  originals;  tlie 
wood  of  the  door.s — as  well  as  the  glass  above — is  modern. 


MISSION    HOUSE  AND  CLOISTERS 

The  Old  .Mission  as  \\c  know  il  today,  t-niisists  of  the  (Mnirc'li; 
Monastery  (jr  lioiiie  of  the  I'adies  and  Ikjusc  for  study  and 
work;   the  Cemetery  and   the  two  Gaidens.     The   I'adres    (priests. 


INTERIOR 

fathers,  friars,  as  you  choose),  accomplish  all  the  work  of 
the  place  and  on  several  lands  in  the  surrounding  country. 
The  Old  Mission  is  still  of  the  Franciscan  Order:  many  of  the 
p&dres  now  are  Germans.  The  entire  community,  not  includ- 
ing- the  College  of  St.  Anthony  back  of  the  Mission,  consists 
of  thirty  members,  fathei-s,  clerics  and  lay-brothers.  Father 
Theodore  Arentz  being  in   charge. 

The  habit  of  the  Franciscans  was  originally  gray,  and  it  Is 
guay  in  all  the  ancient  pictures.  After  the  first  two  centuries 
the  color  was  changed  to  dark  l)rown.  It  consists  of  a  plain 
tunic,  reaching  close  to  the  ground,  with  long  loose  sleeves; 
fastened  round  the  waist  with  a  knotted  cord,  of  white:  the 
cord  of  St.  Francis — representing  symbolically  a  lialter  or  bridle 
of  a  subdued  beast,  for  such  It  pleased  "St.  Francis  to  con- 
sider the  body  in  subjection  to  the  spirit."  A  cape,  r.athor 
scanty  and  round  in  shape,  hangs  over  the  shoulders,  from 
which  is  affixed  a  pointed  hood. 

The  Franciscans  usually  wear  sandals  called  in  ItalN'  "zoc- 
colos." 

THE    LIBRARY 

The  lil)rar>'  contains  a  valual>Ie  collettion  of  old  volumes 
brought  from  different  missions,  when  they  were  abandoned. 
There  are  some  remarkably  fine  Spanish  manuscripts,  records 
of  the  old  missions.  There  is  a  valuable  telescope  given  by 
Einperor  Maximillian  to  Father  Romo.  who  was  superior  of 
this  Mission,  1S72  to  1S84.  The  same  emperor  gave  a  fine 
set   of   surveyor's   instruments,    which   are    here. 

THE    ROOM    OF    CURIOS 

In  a  large  glass  case  are  ihree  hugh  parchment  volumes, 
the  principal  offices  as  recited  by  the  missionaries.  These  are 
In  good  condition  and  ornamented  profusely  and  richly.  The 
letters  are  very  large,  traced  by  hand,  representing  years  of 
labor.  The  maniple,  stole,  and  burse  belonging  to  FATHER 
JUNIPERO  SERRA  is  probably  of  first  interest  to  many,  in 
tliis  room.  Then  there  are  old  statues,  two  very  old  vases 
of  Mexican  clay;  two  old  chandeliers  made  by  the  Indians. 
One  case  contains  something  which  should  be  of  interest  and  of 
exceeding    value    to    all — several    old    volumes    of    ancient    music 


INTERIOR 

as  suns:  by  the  Indians.  Observe  that  the  notes  are  of  differ- 
ent colors;  an  idea  originating  with  one  of  the  padres,  in  order 
to  thus  teach  the  Indians  to  sing.  A  writing-set  belonging 
to   the  first   Bishop  of  California. 

In  the  room  adjoining  is  a  very  well  preserved  old  Steinway 
piano.  A  brass-bound  solid  walnut  writing  desk,  once  the 
property  of  Bishop  Garcia  Diego.  There  are  a  number  of  In- 
dian relics,  water-jars,  and  so  forth.  Besides  a  curious  wheel 
hung  with  eight  bells,  said  to  have  been  rung  on  especial  Holy 
days,  and  many  fine  specimens  of  the  Indian  mortar  and  pestle 
— majadero  de  mortero. 


INTERIOR 

The  lengtli  of  the  NAVE,  exclusive  of  the  Choir,  is  138  feet; 
the  breadth,  outside  measurement,  is  40  feet;  inside  measure- 
ment, 30  feet.  Of  the  four  SIDE  ALTARS,  the  two  nearest 
the  entrance  are  in  small  oratories,  built  in  tlie  solid  walls, 
(which  are   here   of  double   thickness.) 

On  entering  the  front  door,  you  will  probabl,\'  notiie  the  I'eil- 
ing  al  once.  The  wood  carvings  and  designs  are  the  original 
INDIAN  work,  cut  from  cedar.  They  have  recently  been  re- 
stored and  painted  bright  reds  and  greens  and  blues,  to  cor- 
respond to  the  original  colorings.  Notice  the  repeated  design 
of  the  THORS  THUNDER   BIRD,   the  Winged   Lightning. 

The   walls   of  the   Cluuch    liave   also   been   recently   re-painteil. 

The  Church  has  two  CHAPELS,  two  side  ALTARS,  in  addi- 
tion   to   the   High    Allar. 

THE  HIGH  ALTAR  is  in  the  Uoman  style,  12  feel  wide,  15 
feet  high,  all  in  white  with  gold  decorations,  and  flanked  by 
two  beautiful  statues  of  angels.  This  is  the  fourth  MAIN 
ALTAR  to  be  used  in  this  church.  The  present  ALTAR  is  the 
woik  of  one  Brother,  resident  at  the  Mission.  It  was  used 
foi-  the  first  time  at  the  Early  Mass  last  Christmas  morning. 

On  tlie  RIGHT  side,  as  you  enter  the  Church,  is  the  group 
representing  Our  Lady  of  Sorrows  with  liei-  Divine  Son.  Be- 
yond this  is  the  CHAPEL  dedicated  to  SAINT  ANTHONY. 
Over  which,  is  a  large  painting,  very  old,  representing  Hell. 
At  the  left  of  the  entrance,  this  side  of  the  confessional-l)o.x, 
is  a  very  fine  statue— "ECCE  HOMO" — carved  in  Italy  from 
one  pit'ce  of  wood  of    I'avaria.      Tlif   rcnl    is.   of  course,   separate. 


INTERIOR 

On  tlir  LEFT  sidi-.  is  a  CHAPEL  .ItMlirated  to  SAINT  FRAN- 
CIS. Tlie  large  oil  paintiiif;,  also  veiy  old  liuliau,  represents 
Purgatory. 

The  FLOORING  is  modern.  IHl:.':  liavini;  been  laid  over  the 
original    tile-briek    pavement. 

On  the  left  hand  side,  is  an  ALTAR  dedicated  in  lionor  c  f 
Saint  Joseph.  Close  to  the  railin.i;.  on  th<'  same  side,  is  tlie 
STATUE    of    the    SACRED    HEART. 

<  ijiliosite,  on  the  rii;lit  siile.  is  the  ALTAR  dedicated  in  lujtKir 
of  OUR  LADY  of  GUADALUPE.  The  oil  painting  above  is 
a  copy   of   the   original   at   Guadalupe,    near   the   City   of   Mexico. 

Beyond,  close  to  the  rail,  is  the  little  ALTAR  of  the  BLESSED 
VIRGIN   MARY. 

The  Altar  of  Our  l^ady  of  Guadalupe  contains  authentic  relics 
of  the  Boy  Martyr,  Saint  Adeodat,  who  died  for  the  faith  in 
one  of  the  first  centuries  after  Christ.  The  relics  were  brought 
from    Rome    by    the    Right    Iteverend    Bishop    Mora. 

The  fourteen  STATIONS  of  the  CROSS  are  very  old  oil  paint- 
ings,   having   been   bi-ouglit   from    Spain   in    1793. 

The  four  large  PAINTINGS  hanging  on  the  side  walls  were 
bi-ought  liei-e  in  ITn:;.  The  fiist  on  the  RIGHT  represents  tlie 
ASSUMPTION  OF  OUR  LADY.  Opposite,  THE  CRUCIFIXION. 
The  PAINTING  iiisi.le  ihe  SANCTUARY  RAIL,  on  the  RIGHT, 
represents  OUR  LADY  of  the  SCAPULAR.  On  the  LEFT, 
THE  LAST  JUDGMENT,  a  copy  of  tlie  original  in  the  Escurial 
Palace,    Spain. 

On  the  RIGHT  of  tlie  HIGH  ALTAR,  is  a  painting  of  the 
DESCENT  FROM  THE  CROSS,  a  copy  of  Ruben's  picture  in 
the  Cathedral  at  Antwerii.  (  )n  the  LEFT,  a  large  painting  of 
the    SAVIOUR. 

Pacl<  I  t  the  HIGH  ALTAR  and  above,  is  an  old  wooden 
STATUE  (if  SAINT  BARBARA.  In  niches  on  either  side  of 
the  MAIN  ALTAR  an — on  the  RIGHT,  Saint  Dominick.  On 
the  LEFT,  Saint  FRANCIS.  Back,  on  pedestals,  are  STATUES 
rf  the  BLESSED  VIRGIN  and  SAINT  JOSEPH.  On  eitlier  side 
are    PAINTINGS    of    SAINT    ANN    and    SAINT    JOACHIM. 

SAINT  FRANCIS:— The  s..n  of  a  licli  merchant  of  Assisi. 
He  was  christened  Giovanni  (A.  D.  llSiM.  but  his  father,  intend- 
ing the  son  for  his  chief  agent,  had  the  boy  taught  French; 
"this,    fcir   the    times   and    tlie    locality,    was    a    rare   accomplish- 


INTERIOR 

ment.  And  liis  c'ompaninns  called  him  Francesco — 'the  French- 
man'." 

As  a  young-  man  he  enjoyed  life  to  the  full.  Becoming  very 
111  unto  death  he  thought  over  his  various  sins  and  on  his 
I'ecoveiy  lie  dedicated  himself  to  I'eli.gion.  at  the  age  of  twenty- 
tive. 

The  story  of  his  deeds  of  kindness  are  manj-.  He  was  cele- 
brated, venerated  and  canonized.  He  instituted  the  Oi'der  of 
St.  Francis — the  Fianciscans.  The  lialiit  is  gray  or  dark 
brown,  girded  witli  a  woolen  coi-d.  This  order  is  one  of 
the  si.\  gTeat  :\l«ndicant  Orders -the  FRANCISCANS,  the 
DOMINICANS,  the  CARMELITES,  th.'  CAPUCHINS,  the  AUG- 
USTINIANS,   and    tlie    SERVITES. 

Two  years  after  llie  death  of  FRANCIS  OF  ASSISI,  (U'2S), 
he  was  canonized  b\-  Pope  Gregory  IX  and  in  the  same  year 
there  was  commenced  a  magnificent  tomli  and  cluirch  in  Assisi — 
where   his   remains   now   lie. 

Of  all  the  hundreds  of  paintings  and  sculiitures  representing 
the  life  of  St.  Francis,  one  of  the  liest  is  the  exi|iiisite  pulpit 
in   the   Church    of   Santa    Croce    in    Florence. 

SAINT  DOMINIC(K):— In  the  year  U'lr,.  Dnniinick,  the  Span- 
iai'd,  and  Francis  of  Assisi  met  ;it  lionie.  .\nd  l)efore  the  end 
of  the  century  their  followers  liad  spread  into  tliousands  and 
tens   of  thousands,   all    over   Christian    Europe. 

Dominick  was  born  in  llild  at  Cdlaruga  in  tlie  kingdom  of 
Castile,  and  of  nolile  liirtli.  His  mother  di-eamed  l>efore  he 
was  boi'n  of  a  dog  with  a  flaming  torcli  in  its  mouth.  At 
his  christening,  his  godmother  saw  a  wonderful  stai-  desr'end 
from  Heaven  and  settle  upon  his  lirow.  l)(iniinick  founded  a 
religious  Order,  named  after  him.  .\nd  in  li'ii?  he  is  said  to 
have  piopagated  the  devotion  ,<f  THE  ROSARY.  A  chaplet 
of  beads  bad  been  used  by  the  Kgyptians;  l>ut  l)ominick  is  said 
to  have  invented  a  novel  arrangement  of  tlie  lieads  .hkI  dedi-- 
oated  it  to  the  Blessed  N'irgin.  A  cnmplete  Uosary  consists  of 
fifteen  large  and  one  hundred  and  fifty  small  beads:  the  former 
representing   the    Pater-nosters   and    the    latter   the   Ave-Marlas. 

Dominick  lies  buried  in  Bologna:  bis  followers  of  the  Dom- 
inican Order  being  even  then  wide-spread,  lie  is  usually  rep- 
resented in  a  white  tunic,  white  scapular,\-.  and  lun-  1  lack 
<-loak  witli  a  liood.  Attributes: — a  lil\-  and  a  l.o.iU.  .\  star 
on,  (ii-  aliovi'.  liis  forehead:  usuall.v  with  a  dog  witli  ,i  lla:ning 
lorcli    in    liis   mouth. 


INTERIOR 

SAINT  JOACHIM  AND  SAINT  ANNA;— Tile  Parents  cf  the 
VIRGIN  MARY.  "Tliere  was  a  man  of  Xazaretli  whos.^  name 
was  Joachim,  ami  lie  had  for  his  wife  a  woman  of  3ethleheni, 
whose  name  was  Anna,  an<l  tliey  hoth  were  of  tlie  royal  liouse 
of  David.  .  .  .  Tlieir  daus:liter  was  called  by  tlio  name  of 
Mary,    which    in    Hebrew    is    Miriam." 

The  Franciscans  were  from  tlie  first  enthusiastic  defenders 
cf  the  Immaculate  Conception  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary; 
which,  since  1S54,   is  a  dogma  of  Catholic  Faith. 

<:)n  tlie  right  hand  side  is  a  MEMORIAL  TABLET  to  the 
FIRST  BISHOP  of  CALIFORNIA,  who  died  in  ]s4H;  and  be- 
neath it  to  the  right  of  the  HIGH  ALTAR  is  the  TOMB  where 
lies  buried  the  Right  Reveiend  Francisco  Garcia  Diego  y 
Moreno. 

In  front  of  the  Sanctuary  rail  is  a  TABLET,  and  beneath 
the  nave  lies  buried  Governor  Figueroa;  Governor  Don  Jose 
de  la  Guerra  y  Noriega,  born  in  Norales,  Province  of  Santader, 
Spain,  1779;  of  ancient  family  dating  back  to  the  Moors.  And 
his  son,  Don  Pablo  de  la  Guerra  y  Noriega.  The  remains  of 
six  of  the  early  Missionaries  and  three  of  later  date  are  buried 
in   the  same  Crypt  beneath    the   floor  of  the   Sanctuary. 

To  the  left  of  the  SANCTUARY  is  the  CHOIR,  wliere  the 
Fathers  and  clerics  chant   the   Divine   Offices. 

Over  the  entrance  door  is  the  ORGAN.  The  Father  in  charge 
of  the  choir  is  a  trained  musician  and  the  choir  of  men  and 
boys  from   St.   Anthony's   College  present  some  very   fine  music. 

The  CHRISTMAS  early  MASS,  (1913),  seemed  unusually  beau- 
tiful. Pos.silily  it  was  the  "setting,"  I  do  not  know.  But, 
approaching  the  Mission,  walking  under  the  long  avenue  of 
gently  waving  pepper  trees,  at  a  trifle  liefore  five  of  a  winter's 
morning,  brisk,  cool;  the  moon  swinging  high  in  the  sky,  and 
attended  plentifully  by  the  "for-get-me-nots  of  the  angels," 
all  ablaze  and  atwinkle  in  the  clear  blue  of  early  dawn.  The 
stolid,  white  facade  of  the  Old  Mission,  broken  in  color  only 
by  a  round  of  light,  yellow  light,  over  the  entrance.  The  foun- 
tain playing  easily:  shadow-people  tying  horses,  or  getting 
cut  of  carriages  or  dismounting  from  sleepy  horses;  flowers, — 
flowers  everywhere.  The  background  of  eternal  hills,  grim, 
dark,  .lust  touched  here  and  there  on  the  heights  with  the  com- 
ing light   of  day. 


SURROUNDING 

And  afterwards.  After  the  service;  the  lights,  tlie  incense, 
the  crowded  people,  the  low  chants:  and  the  blaze  of  altar 
lights;  then  to  come  out  into  the  cool  of  the  risen  day,  for- 
getful for  the  instant  of  all  but  the  crowded  church  and  stifling 
air — suddenly  awakened  to  a  new  day,  face  to  face,  to  look 
out  over  the  sleeping  city  below  at  the  rosy,  glimmering  sea, 
all  lovely  with  molten  opals;  to  greet  the  risen  sun,  bold  old 
fellow,  driving  away  the  pretty  fading  stars,  while  they  are 
shrinking,  but  still  loyal  to  the  round  old  moon  lijigering  up 
there,  a  trifle  pale,  yet  staunch  as  ever.  Oh,  it  was  the  glorious 
dawn  of  a  new  year,  dating  from  Oliristmas. 
"  At  my  feet  the  city  slumbered.  From  its  chimneys  here  and  there 
Wreaths  of  snow-white  smoke  ascending,  vanished,  ghost-like,  into  air." 
Another  Christmas   and   another   year. 


SURROUNDING 

Entering  through  the  huge  door,  wliich  your  padre  (pah- 
dray)  who  is  guiding  you  will  open  for  you,  leading  from  the 
Church,  you  enter  the  CEMETERY,  entirely  enclosed  within 
a  high  solid  wall,  sluitting  out  the  streets  and  the  neighbors. 
A  small  place,  with  many  lovely  trees  and  shrubs  in  full  flower, 
and  some  of  the  largest  calla  lilies  ever  grown.  Neai-ly  4000 
Indians  are  buried  here.  On  a  number  of  tombs  and  head- 
stones you  read  names  of  old  time  settlers  in  Santa  Barbara, 
"prominent  wliite  people."  This  cemeter.v  is  now  used  only 
for  the  interment  of  some  member  of  the  Franciscan  com- 
munity, in  a  vaulted  chamber.  The  last  Spanish  priest  to  be 
laid  here  was  Father  Jose  Godiol,  1902;  he  was  the  first  novice 
of  the  Franciscan  Order  on   the  Pacific   Coast. 

This  year  (1913)  Brother  Hugoline  was  laid  away  in  here. 
He  had  been  the  guide  since  1884.  Surmounting  the  high 
stone  wall  is  a  small  cross. 

"In  tlie  wall,  separating  tlie  cemeterx-  from  the  Mission 
road,  was  a  gateway  surmounted  by  a  small  stone  cross. 
This  entrance  was  closed  with  masonry  many  years  ago,  al- 
though the  cross  indicates  where  it  was  located.  At  a  short 
distance  (from  the  stone  cross)  stands  a  living  monument 
to  kind-hearted  Father  O'Keefe,  one  of  tlie  most  best  beloved 
of  the  Mission  padres.  In  yeai'S  gone  hy  he  had  observed 
some   Indian   wom.en   coming   regularl.y   to    that   spot   and    wash- 


CEMETERY 

iiiK  their  i-lotlies  in  the  water  from  tlie  acquetliu't.  To  pro- 
tect them  from  tlie  heat  of  the  sun  lie  planted  four  sycarnores, 
two  of  whic-h  died.  The  Indians  have  long  since  disappeared, 
yet  two  tall  sycamores  remain,  and  in  their  grateful  shade 
many  a  weary  person  has  sat  and  rested  on  the  seat  which 
reaches  from  trunk  to  trunk."  These  two  trees  have  been 
painted  innumerable  times  by  the  artists  visiting-  Santa  Bar- 
bara, and  photographed  l.).v  almost  every  guest   within  <i\ir  cit\-. 

Notice,  in  the  Cemetery,  the  beautiful  trees  beaiiiiK  Iiuk'* 
white  bells,  ringing  out  their  sweet-scented  message  in  the 
breeze;  this  is  tlie  Datura,  or,  more  prettily  called,  "Angel's 
Trumpets,"   or  "Mission   Bells,"   also   "Scent  of  the   Night." 

The  l)eautiful  weeping-willow  tree,  near  the  centre  of  the 
Cemetery,  was  planted  here  in  1S33,  and  is  from  the  parent 
tree  over  the  grave  of  Lafayette,  in  the  Paris  Cemetery  of 
Picpus,  within  the  grounds  of  the  Convent  Church  of  the  Nuns 
of  the  Sacre-Coeur. 

Buried  in  the  vault  used  only  for  the  remains  of  the  Padres, 
lies    "Father   Salvierderra,"    of   "Uamona"   fame. 

Among  the  flowers  and  shrubs,  notice  the  "Bird  of  Paradise"; 
and  tlie  "Job's  Tears",  bearing  a  curious  berry,  of  green  or 
gray,   which  is  used   for  stringing  into   rosaries. 

And  amid  carefully  clipped  cypress  trees  there  stands  a  very 
fine    CRUCIFIXION. 

Into  the  SACRED  GARDEN,  if  you  are  a  woman,  you  may 
not  enter.  That  is,  you  and  I  cannot  enter.  But  the  wife 
of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  or  the  Queens  of  other 
countries  may  walk  all  about,  accompanied  b.v  one  other  lady. 
Nearly  two  hundred  different  varieties  of  flowers  are  carefully 
cultivated  in  this  cliarming  garden,  centered  al)out  a  foun- 
tain. 

"And  so  within  the  Garden   Wall 
The   little   world   goes   on, 

Through  building  and  through  nesting  time, 
With  buzz  and  hum  and  song. 

Nor  need  you   search  for  magic 
At   the  rainbow's  shining  end. 
Nor  pray  that  tinkling  fairy  charms 
Their  mystic-  help  may  lend. 

.Just  -watch  tlie  busy  garden  life 
Behind  the  old  gray  wall, 
And,  if  tliere's  hoping  in   your  eyes, 
The  veil  will  from  them  fall." 


HISTORICAL   NOTES 

111  the  oUI  days  the  Alissicin  liad  fann  houses  and  cattle 
laiuhcs  in  the  surrounding-  country.  AH  the  ranches  east  of 
the  Santa  Ynez  River,  from  San  Marcos  to  the  Rincon,  near 
Carplnteria,  belonged  to  the  Mission.  Tliere  were  the  ranehos 
of  Tefolote,  San  Miguel,  Canada  de  las  Aemas,  and  San  Mar- 
cos, where  stock  was  herded.  For  wheat,  barley,  corn,  lentils, 
garbanzo  (peas),  frijoles  (beans),  there  were  the  ranches  of 
Dos  Pueblos,  San  Jose,  Aba.io,  San  Juan  Bautista  and  Sauzal. 
Sauzal  is  now  part  of  the  Hope  Ranch.  You  must  rememljer 
that  tlie  Indians  raised  absolutely  nothing,  fed  on  anytliing 
that  would  sustain  life.  Agriculture  even  among  tlie  wliite 
people  of  the  missions  was  in  its  infancy.  Work  was  peiformed 
in  a  crude  way,  for  implements  were  rude  or  lacking.  Tlie 
missionaries  clianged  all  tliis.  The  advance  of  the  Indians 
under  tlie  instruction  of  tlie  padres  was  remarkable.  Tlie 
annual  average  of  wheat,  from  1787  to  1834  was  3617  bushels 
per  year.  Barle\-  an  average  of  060  lousliels  per  year.  Corn, 
grapes  and  other  fruits,  vegetables  and  cereals  were  raised, 
superintended  entirely  by  tlie  padres.  At  first  most  of  the  grain 
was  raised  in  the  fertile  valleys  between  the  Arroyo  Pedregosa 
and  the  Arroyo  del  Burro.  The  low  bottom  lands  were  used 
for  grain  and  the  foothills  for  stock  and  sheep.  Several  ranch- 
erias  were  established  wliere  the  Indians  could  live  comfort- 
ably. On  tlie  west  bank  of  tlie  little  creek  near  the  Hope 
Ranch  ma.v  still  be  seen  ruins  of  adobe  buildings  used  by  the 
Mission.  Sheep,  horses,  mules,  goats  and  hogs  were  raised 
for  meat  and  utility.  Various  industries  were  introduced,  as 
tlie  need  for  them  arose.  Carpenters,  blacksmitlis,  masons, 
brickmakers,  tilemakers,  shoemakers,  saddlers,  tanners,  weav- 
eis  and  soapmakers  were  trained,  wliile  the  young  girls  learned 
to  skillfull.v  make  clothes,  spin  yarn,  weave  cloth,  until  the 
Mission  must  have  been  a  bus.\'  place  indeed.  Religion  and 
industry  went  hand  in  hand:  and  that  the  pleasures  of  the 
simple  Indians  might  not  be  overlooked,  after  the  day's  work 
was  finished  tliere  would  be  music  and  singing,  even  dancing 
and  play;  for  musical  instruments  were  found  in  all  the  mis- 
sions; flutes,  clai'inets,  trumpets,  drums,  violins,  triangles  and 
many  Indian  instruments.  Tlie  songs  of  the  Indians  would 
indeed  be  most  interesting  today.  At  the  close  of  the  yeai' 
of   1803  there   was  a  population   at  the  Mission   of  833   male   and 


HISTORICAL 

S59  female   Indians,    l)esi<lfs   tlie  snhiiers  ami  iiadres. 

In  ISS.')  besan  the  SECULARIZATION  ..f  the  MISSIONS;  as 
the  Indians  were  not  ready,  the  Fiancistans  opposed  it,  and 
rightly  so.  Mission  property  was  squandered,  the  Indians  set 
adrift,  the  missionaries  were  scattered  far  and  wide,  often 
enduring  the  utmost  privation.  Tlie  story  of  Lower  California 
where  ^laria  de  Los  Angeles  was  the  last  mission  to  be  planted 
by  the  .Jesuit  Fathers,  was  repeated.  The  royal  edict  went 
forth,  the  Jesuits  were  prisoners  in  their  own  missions.  The 
.Jesuits  were  expelled  from  New  Spain  and  the  missions  were 
placed    in    the    hands    of    the    Franciscan    missionaries.  Then 

came  the  dreary  days  of  secularization  and  woeful  days  for 
the  Franciscans,  and  all  these  beautiful  missions  became  the 
property  of  greedy  Californians.  The  United  States  restored 
the  remnants  to  the  Church.  "The  annals  of  the  Catholic 
Church  in  California  are  full  of  faithful  service."  The  greed 
for  gold  in  1S49  caused  a  mighty  emigration  westward  and 
new  blood  came  into  the  state.  Gold  not  being  picked  up 
easily  by  everyone,  many  seekers,  finding  a  delightful  climate, 
sought  a  livelihood  here.  Acres  were  put  into  cultivation;  the 
fertile  valleys  and  herding  places  were  quickly  taken.  Lawful 
ownership  was  a  question  in  the  open  courts;  in  the  many 
trials  and  vexations  heav.v  indebtedness  fell  upon  many  prop- 
erties. In  order  to  rebuild  the  missions,  it  was  necessary  to 
have  money  as  well  as  religious  interest.  New  churches,  new 
schools  sprang  up,  towns  grew  and  rancherias  became  cities. 
I^ittle  time  was  left  for  the  rebuilding  of  ruined  missions.  The 
Mission  of  Santa  Barbara  suffered  less  than  any  other,  for 
while  it  lost  most  of  its  secular  possessions,  and  many  of  its 
buildings  were  in  ruins,  yet  the  Church  and  Cloisters  are  well 
preserved.  One  reason  for  this  is  that  the  padres  were  natives 
of  Spain,  save  two.  and  they  never  abandoned  the  Mission; 
whereas  at  other  mi.«sinns  the  padres  died  and  had  no  sub- 
stitutes. 

In  1840  a  new  DIOCESE  was  created  in  Alta  (Upper)  Cali- 
fornia and  Father  Fianilsco  Garcia  Uiego  y  ^loreno  was 
appointed  BISHOP.  He  chose  Santa  Barbara  as  his  see,  and 
made  his  home  at  the  Mission.  In  1S4.5  a  proclamation  was 
made  for  the  sale  of  nine  of  the  missions;  others,  including 
Santa  Barbara,  were  leased  for  a  term  of  years,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  Church  and  Cloister  and  IMission  House. 


LIST     OF     CALIFORNIA     MISSIONS    OF     IMPORTANCE 

1.  San  Diego,   July  16,   1769 

2.  San    Carlos,    June    3,    1770 

3.  San  Antonio,   July  14,   1771 

4.  San   Gabriel,   September  S,   1771 

5.  San  Luis  Obispo,  September  1,  1772 

6.  San   Francisco,    October   8,    1776 

7.  San   Juan  Capistrano,   November  1,   17. "6 
S.  Santa    Clara,    January    12,    1777 

9.  San    Buenaventui'a,    March    "1,    J7'^2 

10.  SANTA  BARBARA,  DECEMBER  4,  1736 

11.  La   Purisima   Concepcion,   L>e<ember   S,   17S7 

12.  Santa   Cruz,    August   2S,    1791 

13.  La   Soledad,    October   9,    1791 

14.  San  Jose,    June    11,    1797 

15.  San  Juan    Bautista,    June    21,    1TJ7 

16.  San  Miguel,   July   25,    1797 

17.  San  Fernando,    September   8,    1797 

18.  San  Luis    Rey,    June   13,    1798 

19.  Santa    Ynez,    September    17,    1804 

20.  San  Rafael,    December    14,    1817 

21.  San  Francisco,    Solano,    July    4,    1823 

It   is    of   especial    significance   that    twenty-one    missions    were 

built  and    three   of   them   lie    in    Santa    Bai'bara    County — Santa 
Barbara,   Santa   Ynez  and   La    Purisima    ("oncepcion. 


HOURS    OF    SERVICE 

Order  of  services  at  the  Santa  Barbara  Mission,  founded 
December  4,  1786;  Sundays  and  Holy  Days  of  Obligation; 
Holy  masses  at  5:15,  6,  7,  8  and  9:30  a.  m.  Sermon  at  the  6,  8 
and  9:30  masses.  The  last  Holy  mass  is  always  a  liigh  mass. 
At  :!  p.  m. :  Vespers  or  Compline,  followed  by  benediction, 
with  tlie  Blessed  Sacrament.  On  week  days:  Holy  masses 
at  5:15,  5:30  and  6  a.  m.;  on  Tuesdays  and  the  first  Friday  of 
every  month  also  at  7:45  a.  m.  Every  Friday  afternoon  at  5:30, 
litanx'  and   benediction,   witli    the   Blessed   Sacrament. 


HOURS    FOR     VISITORS 

It   is   re(iueste(l    tlial    VISITORS    whc.    wish    tn    lie    slmwii    about 
the    Old    Mission    will    RING    tli.-    BELL    at    the    Mission     House— 


ITEMS 

steps  to  the  right  of  the  old  iron  i'A  (^iinino  Ueal  Hell — and 
ask  for  a  Guide.  One  of  the  pftdres  is  al\va.\s  willing-  to  con- 
duct guests;   between   the  hours  of: — 

S   to   11:30   in   the   morning:,   and    1   to   .".    in    the   afU'iinxin. 

Xo  charge  is  made.  But  the  visitor  will  surel.\-  dept)Kit  a 
small  g-ift  toward  the  restoration  fund  of  the  beautiful  Old 
Mission — especially  after  he  has  traveled  thousands  of  miles 
to  enjoy  the  hospitality  of  this  splendidly  preserved  cliurch 
of  the  "old  world."  Also,  to  compensate  the  guide,  who  can 
do    nothing    else    but    attt-iul    to    vi.'^itors. 


FEATURES    TO    BE    NOTED 

Present   Chtirch   commenced   in    181.") 

"Walls   are    G    feet    tliick.    of   cubes   of   sandstone 

Buttresses    measure    9    by    9    feet 

Present  stone  steps  are  the  original  tiles  of  the  Indian  days 

In  the  Tower  to  the  left,  are  the  original  bells 

Dedication    of    the    Tower, — to    the    left 

One    rovmd    window   in    tlie    left    Tower 

Notice    design    on    the    P^acade:    the    double    Swastika 

The  fine  Clcisteis 

The   Library 

The    Uoom   of   Curios 

The  Vaulting:    Ceiling:    in    the    Interior    of    the    Clun-cli.      Notice 

the    vivid    colors,    recently    restored,    especially    on    the    old 

hand-carved   figures   of   the   Indian    Thors   Thunder   Bird 
Floors    of    the    Chapel;    modern;    laid     in    1912    over    the    orig:inal 

pavement    of    Indian    days 
The   Chapels 
The   Paintings 
The    High    Altar 
The  Cemetery 

Sycamore    Trees:    without    the   walls 
Willow   Tree,    near   side   of   nortli    entrance 
Old    Roof   Tiles 
Skull    and    Cross-bones    over   outer    door   leading    to    Cemetery — 

from  the  Church 
Statues   and    Paintings — exterior   and    interior 
Goldflsli  and  Carp  in  Central  Fountain   Basin 


ITEMS 

As  we  go  to  press,  arrangements  are  being  made  for  parking 
the  space  in  front  of,  and  owned  by,  the  Mission.  And  erect- 
ing to  the  memory  of  Father  .Junipero  Serra,  a  huge  boulder 
suimounted   by  a  large  Cross. 


MEASUREMENTS 
EXTERIOR 

Towers   are   30   feet   high   to   the   eaves;    20    feet   square; 

solid     masonry    of    stone    and    concrete 

Buttresses    measure    9x9    feet 
INTERIOR 

Church    is    165    feet     by    30    feet    wide    and    30    feet    high 

Exclusive  of  CHOIR,  it   is  13S  feet  long. 


INFORMATION 

There  are  at  present  in  the  Mission  Six  Padres,  Eighteen 
Lay-Brothers,    and    Six    Novices. 

There  are  Two  Chapels — St.  Francis,  to  tlie  left ;  and  St. 
Anthony,    to    the    riglit    as    you    enter    the    church. 

The  High,  or  Main,  ALTAR  is  built  in  the  Roman  style,  and 
is  twelve  feet  wide,  fifteen  feet  liigh,  all  of  white  with  gold 
decorations,  and  flanked  on  eitlier  side  by  the  statues  of  two 
beautiful  angels. 

Date  of  the  last   burial   in   the   Cemetery,   January  5,   1913. 

The  last  three  visits  of  especial  distinction  to  the  secular 
woi-ld  was  tlie  visit  of  President  McKinley,  I\Iay  10,  1901;  of 
Pi-esident  Roosevelt,  May  9,  1903.  Both  these  eminent  gentle- 
men were  photographed  at  tlie  Mission,  .lust  outside  the  door 
leading  from  the  church  into  the  Cemetery — with  the  cele- 
brated background  of  the  door  over  wliich  is  carved  tlie  Cross- 
l)ones.  And  on  September  30,  191:',,  tlie  visit  of  Don  .Tuan  Riano 
y  Oayangos,  eminent  diplomat  and  minister  of  Spain  to  the 
T'nited   States. 

'I'lie  hist  Padre  to  l)e  biiricil  in  tlie  Cemetery  was  Reverend 
Placidus   Krekeler,   1911. 

In  Alta  California  tliere  is  a  cliain  of  roads  ciinnerting  inis- 
sinn  witli  mission.  Little  more  tlian  a  trail  in  tlie  old  daxs, 
linking  <jne  mission  with  anotlier.  Indicated,  was  this  well- 
trodden    path,    by    iion    bells,    each    licaring    its    sign-board,    in- 


EL  CAMINO   REAL 

forming  tlie  weary  plutUii^r,  be  he  pS-dre  or  c-itizen.  of  the 
distance  to  the  next  mission  and  tlie  distance  from  liis  last 
resting-  place. 

Extending  from  mission  to  mission  was  one  well-traveled 
highway  known  as  EL  CAMINO  REAL,  "King's"  or  "Hoyal" 
Highway,  wliich  ronnected  at  San  Diego  with  the  sys- 
tem of  mission  liighways  of  Baja  California,  known  as  tlie 
Gulfo  Camino,  Sierra  Camino,  and  Pacific  Camlno.  All  of 
the  highways  were  constructed  by  the  pS,dres  as  a  means  of 
communication  between  the  missions,  and  over  them  a  mounted 
mail  carrier  bore  the  despatches  from  the  City  of  Mexico. 
The  Camino  Real  was  the  road  over  which  Father  Junipero 
traveled  wnen  he  visited  the  missions  which  he  had  estab- 
lished in  Alta  California:  and  (is  now  the)  principal  highway 
along  the  coast.  ...  It  was  never  a  paved  liighway  like 
some  of  the  Caminos  Reales  of  Mexico.  It  is  little  more  than 
a  broad  trail:  .  .  .  yet  it  is  of  greater  liistoric  interest 
than   any   other   road   in   California. 

Copy  of  inscription  on  the  sign-board  of  the  El  Camino  Real 
Bell,   at  the   Santa   Barbara   Mission: 

EL    CAMINO    REAL 

^fission  Santa  Barbara         Founded  Dec.  4th,  17S6 

Mission  '  Mission 

Santa    Ynez  San   Buenaventura 

47    Miles    X.W.  i  30    :\Iiles    S.W. 

Below  is  the  inscription: 

Erected    April    Idth.    1910 
by 
Santa    Barbara    Woman's    Club 
On  the  Bell  itself  is  inscribed: 

1789   and    1909 
El    Camino    Real 


"As  year  after  year  he  journeyed  up  and  down  tlie  country, 
seeing,  at  mission  after  mission,  the  buildings  crumbling  into 
ruin,  the  lands  all  taken,  sold,  resold,  and  settled  by  specu- 
lators; the  Indian  converts  disappearing,  driven  back  to  their 
original  wildernesses,  the  last  traces  of  the  noble  work  of  the 
Order   being   rapidly   swept    away     .     .     .     (This    padre)    was    of 


ST.  ANTHONYS  COLLEGE 

the  same  type  as  Francis  of  Assisi.  To  wear  a  shoe  in  place 
of  a  sandal,  to  take  money  in  a  purse  for  a  journey,  above  all 
to  lay  aside  the  gown  and  cowl  for  any  sort  of  secular  gar- 
ment,   seemed    to    him    wicked." — From    "Ramona." 

"When  the  first  glow  of  dawn  came  in  the  sky,  the  eastern 
window  was  lit  up  as  by  a  fire.  The  (Padre,  a  guest  in  the 
home),  was  alwaj-s  on  watch  for  it.  .  .  .  As  the  first  ray 
reached  the  window,  he  would  throw  the  casement  wide  open, 
and  standing  there  with  bared  head,  strike  up  the  melody 
of  tiTe  sunrise  hymn  sung  in  all  devout  Me.xican  families.  It 
\\a.s  a  lieautiful  custom,  not  yet  wholly  abandoned.  At  the 
first  dawn  of  light,  the  oldest  member  of  the  family  arose, 
and  began  singing  some  hymn  familiar  to  the  household.  It 
was  the  duty  of  each  person  hearing  it  to  immediately  rise 
.  .  .  and  .ioin  in  the  singing.  In  a  few  moments  ihe  whole 
family  would  be  singing,  and  the  .ioyous  sounds  pouring  out 
from  tlie  liouse  like  the  music  of  birds  In  the  fields  at  dawn. 
The  hymns  were  usually  invocations  to  the  Virgin,  or  to  the 
saint  of  the  day,  and  the  melodies  were  sweet  and  simple. 
.  .  .  The  Indians  thought  the  sun  was  coming  up  apace, 
and  the  earth  was  standing  still, — a  belief  just  as  grand, 
just  as  thrilling,  as  the  other:  men  worshipped  the  sun  long 
before  they  found  out  tliat  it  stood  still.  Not  the  most  rev- 
erent astronomer,  with  the  mathematics  of  the  heavens  at 
his  tongue's  end,  could  have  had  more  delight  in  the  won- 
drous phenomenon  of  tlie  dawn,  than  did  the  (simple  minded 
Indian)." — Ramona. 

You  say  that  it  is  a  foolish  little  prayer,  to  pray  to  "have 
torn  lace  made  whole.  But  it  would  be  hard  to  show  the  odds 
between  asking  that,  and  asking  that  it  may  rain,  or  that 
the  sick  may  be  made  well.  As  the  grand  old  Russian  says, 
what  men  usually  ask  for,  when  they  pray  to  God,  is  that 
two  and  two  may  not  make  four.  All  tlie  same  he  is  to  be 
pitied    who   prays   not." 


ST.   ANTHONY'S  COLLEGE 

Saint  Francis  founded  the  (Jriier  of  Fiiars  .Minor,  known  in 
later  centuries  as  the  Order  of  St.  Francis.  "St.  Antliony's 
College  is  an  institution  conducted  by  the  Franci.scan  Fathers, 
having  as  its  object  the  training  of  ("'al;liolit-  young  men  desirous 


ST.  ANTHONYS  COLLEGE 

of  entering  the  Drder  of  Kriars  jMiiioi-.  Heiu-e  oiil\'  such  students 
will  lie  iulmitted  as  show  the  iiecessaiy  qualifications  for  l)ecom- 
iiiK.  in  due  time,  worthy  priests  and  followers  of  St.  P^rancis. 
The  api)licant  must  have  made  his  First  Holy  Communion;  be 
of  an  ag-e  between  ten  and  sixteen  years,  and  have  had  a 
thorough    common    school    education." 

This  College  is  situated  Just  beyond,  to  tlie  westward,  of  the 
Old  Mission.  The  College  was  founded  in  1S96:  a  portion  of 
the  Old  Mission  was  used  for  College  purposes  at  first.  In  1899 
was  laid  the  corner  stone  of  the  present  building;  Fathei-  Peter 
Wallischeck,  the  rector. 

The  Superior  in  charge  is  Father  Linus  Koenemund,  O.F.M. 
The  attending  physician  is  Doctor  Stoddard.  There  are  eight 
professors,  and  an  average  yearly  attendance  of  fifty-five  stu- 
dents. The  young  men  remain  for  a  five  years  classical  course, 
and  when  graduated  are  prepared  for  entrance  into  the  Fran- 
ciscan  Order. 


uIniiUgi|t  in  ^attta  iBarbara 

The  golden  slieen  of  sunset  fills 
Canyon,  and  valley,  and  the  bay; 
And  glints  on  peak  and  distant  hills 
That  vanish,  leagues  and  leagues  away. 

Down  in  the  wee  snug  valley  sleep 
The  nestled  houses— drenched  withhaze; 
And  out  by  pier  and  ocean,  weep 
The  sobbing  waves  of  long  past  days. 

A  dream  town;  and  of  seas  and  deeps; 
And  where  the  Mission  waits  in  tryst, 
A  wealth  of  years  in  silence  sleeps 
'Mid  lovely  hills  of  amethyst. 


" Hoir  all  iliinijK  (jloiv  irilh  life  and  lliniKjliI , 
\\hne'<r  Ihe  J'aUiiful  fulhei-fi  trail." 


'■Chief  Big  Bear''' 


■'Like  Sentind  and  Monk,  they  keep  their  vigil  O'er  the  qreen; 
One  seems  to  guard,  and  one  to  ueep  the  dead  that  lie  tjeliueen. 


rr 

"Brilliant  morning  shines  on  the  old  city.  Its  an- 
tiquities and  ruins  are  surpassingly  beautiful,  with  the 
ivy  gleaming  in  the  sun  and  the  trees  waving  in  the 
balmy  air.  Changes  of  glorious  light  from  moving 
boughs,  songs  of  birds,  scents  from  gardens,  woods  and 
fields,  or  rather  from  the  one  great  garden  of  the  culti- 
vated land  in  its  yielding  time,  penetrate  into  the 
(Mission),  subdue  its  earthy  odor,  and  preach  the 
Resurrection  and  the  Life." — /liclen.-i. 


"  1  hf-nril  a  li'^art  of  Iran  hfatlng  in  tlu  liclfnj  'J'airer. 


EL   CAMINO    REAL 


Mission  Santa  Barbara  Founded  December  4th,  1786 


Mission 
Santa    Ynez 

47  Miles  N.  W. 


Mission 

San  Buenaventura 

30  Miles  S.  W. 


:'Jt 


r  . 


''■-Alj 


The  Old  FUlfr  House. 


''On  the  Day  of  I'ltlni .  in  the  land  of  oranfje  Mosxoinx, 
Of  ol'ire,  aloe,  and  maize  and  vine.'" 


still  iwliUs  the   Toiiur  and  l/leuilx  the   liill: 
Still  are  they  tcatching  o'er  the  toirn     .  .  .  . 


"The  Missions 

and 

Missionaries 

of    California" 

By  FR.  ZEPHYRIN  ENGELHARDT,  O.  F.  M. 

Vol.  I,  650  pages.  $2.75 
Vol.  II,  728  pages,  $3.00 
Vol.  Ill,  683  pages,  $3.00 

With    many  illustrations,   autographs  and  facsimiles 


These  books  describe  the  Crime  of  the  Nineteenth  Century 
in  California,  or  the  Confiscation  of  the  Indian  Missions. 
For  sale  by   booksellers  everywhere. 

"The  Missions  and  Missionaries,  is  without  a  peer  in  the 
field,  and  a  great  credit  to  California.  I  highly  recommend 
it."— Dr.  H.  E.  Bolton.  Professor  of  American  History,  Uni- 
versity of  California. 


Ten  of  the  Best  California  Books 

OUT  OF  THE  MANY  ON  OUR  SHELVES 


"The  Old  Spanish  Missions  of  Father  Serra"  by  Paul  Elder  |  3.50 

'"The   Story   of    California  from  the  Earliest  Days  to  the 

Presem"  by  H.  K.  Norton  1.50 

"Under  the  Sky  in  California'*  by  C.  F.  Saunders  2  00 

"The  Yosemite"  by  John  Muir  2.40 

"Field  Days  in  California"  by  Bradford  Torrey  1.50 

"In  and  Out  of  the  Old  Fvlissions  '  by  Geo.  Wharton  James  3.00 

"California  the  Beautiful  "  by  Wes'.ern  Artists  and  Author;  2.50 

"Birds  of  California"  by  Wheelock  2.50 

"Western  Bird  Guide"  by  Reed,  Harvey  &  Brasher,  Pocket  Edition     1.00 

"The  Channel  Islands"  by  C.  F.  Holder  2.00 


OSBORNE'S  BOOK  STORE 

923-925  State  Street 

Both  Telephones  495 


Gentle  Ponies  or  Experienced  Guide 

Small  Horses  for  Mountain 

for  Children  Camping  Parties 


F.  J.   VANDEVER 

Riding  Instructor 

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THE    OTTER" 

CAPTAIN  VASQUEZ 


At  the  beautiful  Friar's  Harbor  ( Frye's  Harbor). 
With  tents  to  sleep  in;  with  board  floors;  beds  and 
bedding  of  the  best  and  the  cleanest.  Amid  ven- 
erable oaks,  beside  a  running  brook,  on  the  sea- 
shore. Table  supplied  with  the  best  of  material, 
always  well  cooked. 

Rates  $2.50  a  day.  The  round  trip  made  in  2^  l> 
hours,  each  way;  on  a  strong,  fast  boat,  captained 
by  one  of  the  best  sailors  on  the  Pacific  Coast, 
Captain  Vasquez,  "keen  of  eye,  always  one  ahead 
of  the  next  thing  that  COULD  happen." 

The  "OTTER"  may  be  chartered  for  moonlight 
excursions,  or  for  fishing  parties,  or  for  cruising 
amid  the  lovely  Channel  Islands. 

Information  at  730  State  Street,  Home  Telephone  51 


THE  MORNING 
PRESS 


West  Ortega  Street 


Santa  Barbara's  Leading   Daily 


Largest  Circulation 


Complete    Associated    Press    Reports 


state    Normal    School 

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HOME  ECONOMICS.  DOMESTIC   SCIENCE,   DOMESTIC 

ARTS.  INSTITUTIONAL  MANAGEMENT  and  DIETETICS 

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Ihe    DAILY  NEWS 


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Advertising 

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Home  Telephone  53  Pacific  Telephone  30-R 


GEORGE  W.  TOMLINSON 

714  STATE  STREET 

Harness  —  Saddlery 

English  Saddles 

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English  and  California  complete  Riding  Equipment 

Motor-car  Robes 

Stable  and  Street  Blankets 

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E.  F.  ROGERS  H.  WINIFRED  SMITH 

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FAMILY  LIQUOR  DEALERS 


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Three  Local  and  Montecito 
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ON  THE  SUMMIT  OF  THE  SANTA  YNEZ  MOUNTAINS 

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practice  and  inculcate  respect  for  the  law,  the  maintenance  of  order, 
regard  for  the  rights  of  others,  admiration  for  the  successful,  sym- 
pathy with  the  unfortunate,  charity  for  all,  hope  for  humanity,  joy  in 
the  simple  life  and  contentment  therewith." 


Clarence  C.  Knight 

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in  the  City 

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University  of  California  Library 
Los  Angeles 

This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 

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